Outline Early Childhood Caries

Outline Anthropology 311 Research Paper I. Introduction A. Early Childhood Caries and background information and statistics on the disease. B. Early Childhood Caries is a rapid form of dental caries that can affect a child’s self esteem, health, oral and speech development and quality of life. II. Early Childhood Caries – medical/dental definition of disease A. Causes of Early Childhood Caries – complex interaction of the following 1. cultural beliefs 2. behavioral actions (parents responsibility) 3. nutritional intake (parents responsibility) 4. biological factors B. Risk factors for Early Childhood Caries . Primary risk factors: intake of sugars and fermentable carbohydrates, the host and tooth susceptibility, and poor oral hygiene resulting in dental plaque 2. Associated risk factors: bottle feeding especially nocturnal bottle feeding, prolonged breast feeding, lack of parental education, socioeconomic factors, un-fluoridated water III. Effects on childâ€℠¢s self esteem A. Ashamed of appearance of mouth 1. diminished happiness in child ashamed to smile 2. physically child becomes unhappy with themselves B. Taunting by other children . bad breathe, visible decay, missing teeth, visible metal restorations IV. Effects on child’s overall health A. Nutritional issues 1. altered eating habits = less nutrients ingested 2. painful to eat 3. malnutrition B. Chronic infection to body from infected teeth 1. bacterial infection entering child’s blood stream 2. strain on immune system, constant infection harder to heal V. Problems with child’s oral and speech development A. Oral dentition development 1. maintaining space for permanent dentition 2. slow eruption of permanent teeth 3. Possible decay in permanent teeth before they enter mouth B.Speech development 1. delayed speech 2. speech altered due to missing, repaired or painful teeth VI. Child’s Quality of Life A. Physical functioning 1. low body weight 2. failure t o thrive 3. malnutrition – altered eating ability 4. slow growth rate B. social functioning 1. teased by other children for missing or visibly repaired teeth 2. ashamed of teeth VII. Prevention (Preventative measure for ECC are all performed by the parents) A. Educate parents on optimum oral health care B. Fluoride supplements if no fluoride in water C. Immediate brushing after sugary food intake D. Improve nutrition for childVII. Conclusion: Consequences will continue long after decay is treated. A. Reiteration of the main points in my research paper accompanied by my opinion on the subject matter. References Acharya, S. , & Tandon, S. (2011). The effect of early childhood caries on the quality of life of children and their parents. Contemporary Clinical Dentistry, 2(2), 98-101. DOI: 10. 4103/0976-237X. 83069 Kagihara, L. E. , Niederhauser, V. P. , & Stark, M. (2009). Assessment, management, and prevention of early childhood caries. Journal of the American Academy of Nurse P ractitioners, 21, 1-10.DOI: 10. 1111/j. 1745-7599. 2008. 00367. x Manski, M. C. , & Parker, M. E. (2010). Early childhood caries: Knowledge, attitudes, and practice behaviors of Maryland dental hygienists. The Journal of Dental Hygiene, 84(4), 190-195. Retrieved from http://www. adha. org Marrs, J. , Trumbley, S. , & Malik, G. (2011). Early childhood caries: Determining the risk factors and assessing the prevention strategies for nursing intervention. Pediatric Nursing Journal, 37(1), 9-15. Retrieved from http://www. pediatricnursing. net Mayo Clinic Staff, (2011). Cavities/tooth decay.Retrieved from http://www. mayoclinic. com Nuzzolese, E. , Lepore, M. M. , Montagna, F. , Marcario, V. , De Rosa, S. , Solarino, B. , & Di Vella, G. (2009). Child abuse and dental neglect: The dental team’s role in identification and prevention. International Journal of Dental Hygiene, 7, 96-100. DOI: 10. 1111/j. 1601-5037. 2008. 00324. x Plutzer, K. , & Keirse, M. J. N. C. (2010). Incidence an d prevention of early childhood caries in one- and two-parent families. Child: care, health and development, 37(1), 5-10. DOI: 10. 1111/j. 1365-2214. 2010. 01114. x Thikkurissy, S. & Hague, A. (2008). Assessing risk and reducing dental disease in the youngchild. Access,pgs. 21-27. Retrieved from http://www. adha. org/access-magazine Wagner, R. (2008). Are you missing the diagnosis of the most common chronic disease of childhood?. Contemporary Pediatrics, 25(9), 60-79. Retrieved from http://www. contemporarypediatrics. com Zafar, S. , Harnekar, S. Y. , & Siddiqi, A. (2009). Early childhood caries: etiology, clinical considerations, consequences and management. International Dentistry SA, 11(4), 24-36. Retrieved from http://www. moderndentistrymedia. com